Pneumonia is a lung infection that can be caused by different types of micro-organisms. In babies & children who develop Pneumonia often do not have any specific signs of chest infection but develop a fever, appear quite ill and can become lethargic. In children Pneumococcus & Hib ( H. influenzae type b ) bacteria are responsible for 30 - 50% & 10 - 30% of Pneumonia cases respectively followed by S. Aurea's & K. pneumoniae. Besides, respiratory Syncytial virus & HIV epidemic have also a very significant role in childhood Pneumonia.
In developing countries most common causes of childhood Pneumonia are as follows:-
1.Definite risk factors :-
A. Malnutrition. B. Low birth weight. C. Non-exclusive breast feeding D. Lack of timely immunization of measles. E. Indoor air pollution. F. Crowding. 2. Likely risk factors :-
A. Parental smoking. B. Zinc deficiency. C. Mother's experience as a care giver. D. Concomitant diseases like diarrhoea, heart disease, asthma. Besides, some possible factors like humidity, birth order, vitamin-a deficiency, mother's education, day care attendance & outdoor pollution etc also play a very significant role. 
